Fig. 1 Composition

(+)-Linalool, 65–70% of the oil.

The active substance is coriander essential oil — a mixture of terpenes by its ISO name, chemical class alkadienes. The registration dossier lists fourteen components by mass fraction; the main one, (+)-linalool (3,7-dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol), is 65–70% of the oil. The solvent of the concentrate is ethyl alcohol; the emulsifier is OP-10.

(+)-Linalool · C₁₀H₁₈O
3,7-dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol Ball and stick
● C ○ H ● O Fig. 1

(+)-Linalool, the main component of coriander essential oil; the hydroxyl oxygen marked.

Component	Share	Mass %
(+)-linalool		~65–70
(+)-α-pinene		8–12
(+)-β-pinene		0.5–1
myrcene		0.5–1
camphene		0.5–2
(±)-limonene (dipentene)		0.5–3
α-terpinene		0.5–1
γ-terpinene		1.5–3
terpinolene		0.5–1
p-cymene		0.5–1.5
camphor		3–6
(−)-borneol		1–3
geraniol		3–9
methylheptenone		0.1–3

The bracket spans each range on a 0–100% scale.

Fig. 2 Scope: crops and targets

Nine crops,
from winter wheat
to grape.

The registration dossier's scope, crop by crop, with the Latin names as the dossier writes them. Grape's downy mildew and leaf-form phylloxera appear in the dossier's rate table rather than its scope list; they are shown here and marked.

A long central path through a cucumber greenhouse, vines climbing on both sides to the roof, heating pipes looping at knee height and stacked crates along the right. — **Fig. 2** — photograph, Hans Birger Nilsen, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons. A cucumber greenhouse, the central path between the rows.

Crop	Situation	Pests	Diseases
Winter wheat	—	sunn pest Eurygaster integriceps; greenbug Schizaphis graminum	brown rust (Puccinia); septoria (Septoria nodorum, S. tritici); root rots (Helminthosporium sativum, Fusarium culmorum, Ophiobolus graminis and others)
Tomato	protected ground	two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae; aphids (Aphis frangulae, Myzodes persicae, Aphis gossypii); thrips (Thrips tabaci, Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis)	—
Tomato	open ground	cotton bollworm Heliothis armigera; aphids	—
Cucumber	protected ground	two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae; aphids (Aphis frangulae, Myzodes persicae, Aphis gossypii); thrips (Thrips tabaci, Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis)	—
Cucumber	open ground	aphids	—
Watermelon	—	aphids	—
Melon	—	aphids	—
Tobacco	—	cotton bollworm; tobacco (peach) aphid Myzodes persicae; tobacco thrips	—
Apple	—	San José scale Diaspidiotus perniciosus; Aphis pomi; mites (Panonychus ulmi, Bryobia redikorzevi); fall webworm Hyphantria cunea	scab Venturia inaequalis
Peach	—	aphid Myzodes persicae	leaf curl Taphrina deformans
Grape	—	Tetranychus urticae; phylloxera, leaf form (rate table)	powdery mildew (oidium) Uncinula necator; downy mildew (rate table)

Nine crops, as the dossier's scope list names them; tomato and cucumber are listed twice, for protected and for open ground; where the dossier states no situation the cell carries a dash.

Fig. 3 Biological efficacy

93–99% on mites.
56–59% on sunn pest.
Both rows stay.

Thirteen rows, as the dossier lists them and in its order. The strongest is mites in protected vegetables; the weakest is sunn pest in winter wheat. Neither is moved.

Crop / situation	Target	Efficacy
Vegetables, protected ground	aphids	72–98%
Vegetables, protected ground	thrips	70–80%
Vegetables, protected ground	mites	93–99%
Vegetables, open ground	aphids	88–92%
Tomato, open ground	cotton bollworm	70–88%
Melons and gourds	aphids	88–98%
Peach	aphids	88–95%
Peach	leaf curl	70–98%
Tobacco	aphids	83–85%
Tobacco	cotton bollworm	83–86%
Tobacco	thrips	87–92%
Wheat	root rots, brown rust, septoria	70–80%
Wheat	sunn pest	56–59%Kept on the page

Biological efficacy by crop and target, in the order and wording of the registration dossier; also reported in the product description and the company deck.

The oak trial, eight variants and one control

Fig. 4 Rates and schedule

0.3–0.6 l/ha in the field.
0.75–1.5 in orchards and vineyards.

Product per hectare, by vegetation treatment: field crops 0.3–0.6 l/ha; orchards and vineyards 0.75–1.5 l/ha; greenhouses 0.3–0.75 l/ha. Household plots: 8–10 ml per 100 m² in open ground, 8–10 ml per 100 m² in protected ground, 10–15 ml per 100 m² on shrubs and in orchards.

Rate by crop

Crop	Targets	l/ha
Tomato	mites, aphids, cotton bollworm	0.3–0.6
Cucumber	aphids, mites, thrips	0.3–0.6
Melons and gourds	aphids, mites	0.3–0.6
Peach	leaf curl	0.75–1.5
Apple	scab, San José scale, mites	0.75–1.5
Grape	oidium, downy mildew, phylloxera (leaf form)	0.75–1.5
Tobacco	cotton bollworm, aphids, thrips	0.75–1.2
Cabbage	aphids	0.45–0.75
Winter wheat	brown rust, septoria, root rots	0.75–1.5

Table 1 of the dossier. It carries a cabbage row that the dossier's scope list does not name; it is reproduced as printed.

Crop	May	Treatments · interval
Cereals	May–August	2–3 · every 10–15 days
Vegetables	May–August	3–4 · every 20 days
Tobacco	May–August	3–4 · every 20 days
Apple, peach	May–August	3–4 · every 20 days
Grape	May–September	3–5 · every 20 days

Table 2 of the dossier. Tobacco, apple, peach and grape take the 20-day interval from the vegetables row by ditto marks in the source.

Working solution

Field crops300–400 l/ha against diseases; 400 l/ha against pests.
Orchards and vineyards1,000–1,200 l/ha.
Greenhouses200–500 l/ha.
Household plots3–4 l per 100 m² for vegetables and flowers; 10 l per 100 m² for garden crops.

Rows of vines climbing a slope in low autumn sun, their leaves red in the front rows and yellow behind, wooden and metal stakes leaning along each row. — **Fig. 4** — photograph, Ermell (Reinhold Möller), CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons. Vine rows on a slope in low autumn sun.

Fig. 5 Application and compatibility

Tank-mix compatible.
Not with microbiological preparations.

Compatible in tank mixes with chemical insecticides, fungicides, herbicides and fertilisers; not compatible with microbiological preparations. Recommended in integrated plant protection.

Equipment

Hand-heldportable sprayers.
UAVultra-low-volume (ULV) sprayers on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs); a DJI Agras T-16 in the oak trial.
Orchardfan sprayers, tested.
Fieldboom sprayers, tested.
Systemscompatible with standard spraying systems.

Mode of action

Systemic: works through the whole plant. The product description reports no resistance developing in pathogens.

Volatile organic compounds of biogenic origin with fumigant, repellent, antifeedant and attractant activity towards pest insects and mites, and kairomone activity for entomophages and acariphages. Field-proven against tetranychid (spider) mites, many aphid species, bugs, the oak, plane and pear lace bugs, and thrips.

A six-rotor DJI Agras T-16 spraying drone in flight, seen from below against a clear sky, over a field with low brick buildings behind. — **Fig. 5** — photograph, company archive. The DJI Agras T-16 in flight.

Fig. 6 Physico-chemical and safety

Hazard class 3. Flash point 62 °C.

Low toxicity — hazard class 3 (moderately hazardous) under GOST 12.1.007, the Russian state standard; oral LD50 (median lethal dose) 4,370–4,490 mg/kg for the formulation. Where a study has not been done, the row says so. The toxicology was performed by the Moscow Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Transmissible Diseases.

Physico-chemical

AppearanceColourless or yellowish liquid with the smell of ripe coriander fruit.
Vapour pressure10ppm at 20 °C20ppm at 40 °C
Density0.864–0.878kg/l
SolubilityInsoluble in water; up to 5,000 mg/100 ml in alcohols; readily soluble in other organic solvents.The concentrate is emulsified in water for spraying.
Flash point62°C
Ignition temperature243°C
FireFire- and explosion-hazardous.
Boiling and freezing pointNo data.
Melting pointNot applicable — a liquid.
SolventEthyl alcohol; LD50 5,700 mg/kg, mice.
EmulsifierOP-10.

A glass separating funnel clamped to a laboratory stand, a clear liquid filling its lower half, its stopcock closed above a small empty bottle, on a grey background. — **Fig. 6** — photograph, Stéphane Lesbats / Ifremer, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons (cropped). A separating funnel with a clear liquid on a laboratory stand.

Active substance — linalool, more than 65% of the oil

Oral LD50, acute3,500mg/kgmice (5 males, 5 females) — hazard class 3, GOST 12.1.007-88
Dermal LD50, acute> 9,000mg/kghighest dose tested
Skin irritationnone detected

Formulation — BIOSTAT, emulsion concentrate

Oral LD50, acute, 5% aqueous solution4,490mg/kg rats · 4,370mg/kg micehazard class 3, GOST 12.1.007-88
Dermal LD50, acute> 2,500mg/kghighest dose tested
Skin irritationnone on single application
Eye mucosa10%threshold concentration of the aqueous emulsion for local irritant action
Excretion with milknot requirednot used on fodder crops or livestock
Bees and entomophagesnot toxicStated in the company’s partner deck; the registration dossier reports no bee-toxicity study.

Studies per Methodological Guidelines No. 4263-87 (13.03.1987) and No. 4000-85 (04.11.1985); outbred white mice 18–20 g, white rats 180–200 g, rabbits 2.5–3.0 kg.

Handling

PPEpersonal protective equipment (PPE): protective goggles, GOST 12.4.013-85E; respirator, GOST 12.4.041; rubber gloves, GOST 20010. Safety rules for hazard-class-3 pesticides.
After workwash hands and face with soap. Skin: rinse with running water and soap. Eyes, mouth, nose: rinse with running water.
In soilthe product degrades; the dossier reports no harmful residues in soil, water, plant or produce, and no interference with existing crop rotations.

Toxicology in full

The dossier — composition, physico-chemical data, biology, application, toxicology — is available on request.

Ask for the registration dossier